Luxury brand towards chinese girls around 18-30 Essay

Luxury brand towards chinese girls around 18-30 - Essay Example Literature review begins with a detailed analysis of the luxury brands and goods. It comprises of characteristics, brand identity and awareness and aesthetic attributes of luxury goods. For conceptualising the preference towards the luxury goods various comparative literatures between the luxury and ordinary brands has also been nurtured. It focuses on new affluent and endurance of the Western and Eastern brands in China. Even the unique features of Chinese have also been highlighted to make out the consumption level, taste and priorities of Chinese consumer. The scope and motto of the study is not only to stick to the consumer behaviour and preference towards the luxury brands, it also concentrates on the distinctions and similarities of the Western and Eastern luxury brands. Apart from reviews of literatures it also deliberates to the qualitative approaches to find the real scenario. Interviews have been conducted of 15 ladies and girls of four main cities of China. Those are Beiji ng, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing. The ultimate conclusion is that the luxury brand satiates the intrinsic desire of Chinese women for showing strong affinity towards the foreign based brand. Affection towards luxury brands and increasing consumption level of it is possible due to three prime reason, overall economic growth of China, escalating empowerment of women and one child policy. China has experienced a persistent surge in the consumer buying behaviour from the year 1990. The Chinese consumer has become wealthier and welcomes the western retail formats which pave the way for luxury retailers. Basically luxury is subjective and constantly evolving concept. This word can be defined as the inessential but desirable item of extreme comfort. What differ luxury brands from others is its command of a premium without mentioning clear functional advantages over the other counter parts. Instead of this consumers are ready to pay high amount because

Same Sex Marriage Essay Example for Free

Same Sex Marriage Essay Same sex marriage is a socially recognized marriage between two persons of the same biological sex or social gender. Status of LGBT (Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual) in the Philippines is discriminated because they said it is sinful being that one. Many of them are being killed, can’t find job or can’t go to school because they are not accepted by people. In the Philippines, same sex marriage is strictly prohibited because Catholic Church don’t agree with that, based on the bible, there are only two gender, a man and woman. There are also many people who are very conservative so they don’t like people who are Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual because they think that they are immoral and also culture of the Philippines makes that prohibit. I actually support and agree with the same sex marriage though Catholic Church prohibits that. I believe anyone should marry who they want. Age doesn’t matter and gender sure doesn’t either. If two people are in love for the right reasons, then they should be allowed to marry without being harassed. The government doesn’t have any right to tell you who you can and who you can’t marry. I believe everyone should be guaranteed the right to be happy as long as they aren’t harming anyone else or imposing any other rights and I just don’t see how this harms anyone else freedoms. It is not right that people judge those Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual because we have the right to choose what we want in life. Assuming I’m a lesbian, I don’t actually care what people think about me as long as I don’t do any harm for them and I am civil. I won’t mind what they say because I’m living for myself and for my happiness not with them, so why I should mind people that don’t contribute any good things in my life. People who want to marry the same gender should be true to themselves and to others, they should fight for their rights and don’t mind what others tell them.

Impact of Technology on the Animation Industry Essay -- Cause Effect T

Impact of Technology on the Animation Industry In 1988, the live action and animation hybrid â€Å"Who Framed Roger Rabbit† introduced a whole new way of making animation movies (Elkins, 2003). The three dimensional rendering and the interaction between live actors, animated figures and environment was revolutionary at that time (Elkins, 2003). Three years later, in 1991, â€Å"Beauty and the Beast† was an Oscar nominee for best picture, which showed how popular this genre had become (Elkins, 2003). Since then, rapid technological changes have improved the quality of animation movies. The use of computers sat a new standard for animating, with the first computer animated feature released less than ten years ago (DreamWorks, 2004). This essay will explore the impact new technology has had on animation movies. It will contain examples of web sites that illustrate and explain to what extent the new technology has impacted this genre. First, Pixar studio’s way of working with animations is described, followed by DreamWorks creation of Shrek 2. Then, WarnerBros’ approach to the hybrid movie Scooby-Doo 2 is explained. Following is the impact the new technology has had on Fox and Blue Sky Studios work. The conclusion of the essay is in the last paragraph. Surprisingly, some of the techniques used in the making of â€Å"Who Framed Roger Rabbit† is still used today, like the creation of â€Å"Gollum† in â€Å"The Lord of the Rings† (Elkins, 2003). However, there have been major advances in the level of sophistication due to the new technology. The technological developments in the animation industry has revolutionized the whole business (Wagner, 2004). In accordance with better technology, the demands from the consumers are also increasing. The Pixar studi... ... was focused on, showing how important the new technology is for the creational processes of animation movies. References DreamWorks. (2004). Shrek 2 - Behind The Fairytale. Retrieved 16 September, 2004, from http://www.shrek2.com Elkins, E. S. (2003, Mar 12, 2003). Technology leads resurgence in animated films. Denver Post, pp. 1-2. Fox. (2004). Ice Age Movie. Retrieved 17 September, 2004, from http://www.iceagemovie.com/ Pixar. (2004a). How We Do It. Retrieved 16 September, 2004, from http://www.pixar.com/howwedoit/index.html Pixar. (2004b). RenderMan Products. Retrieved 16 September, 2004, from https://renderman.pixar.com/ Wagner, H. J. (2004, June). Producer Don Hahn Grateful For DVD "Dialogue" With Fans. Video Store Magazine, 26, 8. WarnerBros. (2004). Scooby-Doo 2. Retrieved 17 September, 2004, from http://www2.warnerbros.com/scoobydoo2/ Impact of Technology on the Animation Industry Essay -- Cause Effect T Impact of Technology on the Animation Industry In 1988, the live action and animation hybrid â€Å"Who Framed Roger Rabbit† introduced a whole new way of making animation movies (Elkins, 2003). The three dimensional rendering and the interaction between live actors, animated figures and environment was revolutionary at that time (Elkins, 2003). Three years later, in 1991, â€Å"Beauty and the Beast† was an Oscar nominee for best picture, which showed how popular this genre had become (Elkins, 2003). Since then, rapid technological changes have improved the quality of animation movies. The use of computers sat a new standard for animating, with the first computer animated feature released less than ten years ago (DreamWorks, 2004). This essay will explore the impact new technology has had on animation movies. It will contain examples of web sites that illustrate and explain to what extent the new technology has impacted this genre. First, Pixar studio’s way of working with animations is described, followed by DreamWorks creation of Shrek 2. Then, WarnerBros’ approach to the hybrid movie Scooby-Doo 2 is explained. Following is the impact the new technology has had on Fox and Blue Sky Studios work. The conclusion of the essay is in the last paragraph. Surprisingly, some of the techniques used in the making of â€Å"Who Framed Roger Rabbit† is still used today, like the creation of â€Å"Gollum† in â€Å"The Lord of the Rings† (Elkins, 2003). However, there have been major advances in the level of sophistication due to the new technology. The technological developments in the animation industry has revolutionized the whole business (Wagner, 2004). In accordance with better technology, the demands from the consumers are also increasing. The Pixar studi... ... was focused on, showing how important the new technology is for the creational processes of animation movies. References DreamWorks. (2004). Shrek 2 - Behind The Fairytale. Retrieved 16 September, 2004, from http://www.shrek2.com Elkins, E. S. (2003, Mar 12, 2003). Technology leads resurgence in animated films. Denver Post, pp. 1-2. Fox. (2004). Ice Age Movie. Retrieved 17 September, 2004, from http://www.iceagemovie.com/ Pixar. (2004a). How We Do It. Retrieved 16 September, 2004, from http://www.pixar.com/howwedoit/index.html Pixar. (2004b). RenderMan Products. Retrieved 16 September, 2004, from https://renderman.pixar.com/ Wagner, H. J. (2004, June). Producer Don Hahn Grateful For DVD "Dialogue" With Fans. Video Store Magazine, 26, 8. WarnerBros. (2004). Scooby-Doo 2. Retrieved 17 September, 2004, from http://www2.warnerbros.com/scoobydoo2/

Blindfold :: essays research papers

â€Å"Blindfold† by Diane Hoh   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The title of this book is called Blindfold and it is called that because at the end of the story before this girl is going to be killed the other girl blindfolds her. The author is Diane Hoh and there isn’t really any fact at all in this book about the author. The setting takes place in a small community, everybody knows everybody in this town. I think the theme of this book is to never trust anyone even if you think that they are your really good friends. The protagonist in this story is Maggie Keehe. The antagonist is lane the girl who is going on a killing spree and her next victim was Maggie. The character I most like is Maggie for one she is the main character. I didn’t really dislike any of the characters in this book. And no I really don’t agree with what some of the choices the characters make. For one Lane is killing a lot of people because she don’t like them. I would have not killed anyone in the first place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The plot and summary of this story is Maggie lives in Felicity Ohio. They tell about the old courthouse and how the whole town is trying to work together to fix up the old courthouse. The courthouse had been in that town for many generations. To make a long story short there is a girl in town and she killed another girl with an iron. The police came after the boyfriend & arrested him. He had to be in jail for at least four years. The police didn’t take the case any further. The guy that was arrested and convicted supposedly tried to escape from his cell. His name was Dante Guandino. He never really tried to escape from his cell because later on in the book the kids are going over the courthouse and stubble over his body (it was decomposed) before any of this some one had tried to kill Maggie because she was at a cook out, and someone tried to blow up the building she as working in. She was hurt with minor injuries. Then the accident in the urbanely where so me one was pushing her ladder back and fourth and trying to hit her hand, then she falls through the floor on the cellar and discovers the decomposed body of Dante Guandino.

Bo Jackson Speech

The context Boo uses is he talks about his struggle growing up and how he got out of his comfort zone and overcame this problem. Boo also uses the method Extemporaneous to give his speech, he has a brief outline and he has taken time to go over his speech. While analyzing this speech my purpose is to watch Boo and his physical and visualization in his speech. While giving Bob's speech in the beginning he had very poor eye sight, he was limited with his eye sight because he was reading off f his paper.Boo did get better as his speech went on and he eventually stopped looking at his paper. He also was fair when it came to gestures, but his poster was great. Bob's appearance is good he is clean cut and wearing what everyone else is at the graduation. At times Boo showed no facial. He did not have and visual aids other than put an image in your head and making you think you can achieve your goal. Boo did not lack energy he had the crowd involved with his entire speech, and he had no prob lems with his microphone.One thing Boo did lack Is his vocal delivery; at times his voice would get scratchy and be had to hear. His voice was monotone at times, but he managed to work some energy into his voice. In the beginning of the speech he took a few vocalizes pauses and at the end It was hard to understand him for about ten seconds. Bob's speaking volume was good I would say he was normal at about 140 wimp and he messed on one or two words. His articulation was good he made sense and was always on topic with his speech and he did not have any articulation errors.Boo did a great Job on the beginning and ending on his word pronunciation. I did not notice any dialect, he did not miss pronounce anything so bad it made everything hard to understand. Bob's speech was not choppy nor was It smooth. Boo made a few mistakes early on In his speech but he made up for them at the end. He was reading off of his outline a lot In the first minutes of the speech. There for that made his spee ch choppy and he had a lack of eye sight. Boo could have worked on his fluency to Improve his speech.Boo was effective In his message peaking to the graduating class of 2009. He got his message across by having a great worded speech and Influencing the graduating class to be the best they can be. Bob's speech was the perfect length to get his point across say everything he needed to say and not lose his audience. Over all I thought Boo Jackson had a great speech, but his could Improve himself by knowing his speech better and being more fluent with his speech. Boo Jackson Speech By sukiyaki's problems with his microphone.One thing Boo did lack is his vocal delivery; at times e took a few vocalizes pauses and at the end it was hard to understand him for bad it made everything hard to understand. Bob's speech was not choppy nor was it smooth. Boo made a few mistakes early on in his speech but he made up for them at the end. He was reading off of his outline a lot in the first minutes o f the speech. Worked on his fluency to improve his speech. Boo was effective in his message worded speech and influencing the graduating class to be the best they can be. Bob's could improve himself by knowing his speech better and being more fluent with his

Free Essays on Wireless Technology

Wireless networks use radio frequencies as an alternative to standard land-based Ethernet cabling. In a wireless network, also referred to as a â€Å"WLAN†, wireless access points are set up to act as transmitters to send data to wireless network cards installed on users’ PCs, appliances, or mobile devices anywhere on the network. Wireless networks offer the same services as a traditional wired network, as well as the added advantage of mobility. (Syracuse) Just as in a wired network environment, any device that requires a network connection must be equipped with a wireless network card. These connected devices communicate with each other through the wireless access point.(High) This access point must be physically wired and connected to the network through a high-speed interface. Wireless networking provides several advantages over a traditional wired network. Users have the advantage of mobility, meaning, users can physically move about the network using a mobile device while still maintaining a high speed an d reliable connection. Cabling problems are also no longer an issue. Wireless networks eliminate the need for the expensive and tedious costs of installation of high speed cabling. Cable faults are also eliminated because the need to replace faulty cabling is no longer needed. Wireless networks are often more quickly installed and the need to worry about office configurations and floor layouts is not as much of a concern. (Mobility) Even though wireless networking does provide several advantages over traditional cabled networking it is not without its disadvantages. Smaller bandwidth than traditional cabling, can often slow the network. Security is also an issue. While wireless networks can be encrypted, any wireless signal can be passively intercepted. And perhaps the biggest disadvantage of this technology is its reliability. All wireless signals suffer from the same problem, interference from and with ot... Free Essays on Wireless Technology Free Essays on Wireless Technology Wireless networks use radio frequencies as an alternative to standard land-based Ethernet cabling. In a wireless network, also referred to as a â€Å"WLAN†, wireless access points are set up to act as transmitters to send data to wireless network cards installed on users’ PCs, appliances, or mobile devices anywhere on the network. Wireless networks offer the same services as a traditional wired network, as well as the added advantage of mobility. (Syracuse) Just as in a wired network environment, any device that requires a network connection must be equipped with a wireless network card. These connected devices communicate with each other through the wireless access point.(High) This access point must be physically wired and connected to the network through a high-speed interface. Wireless networking provides several advantages over a traditional wired network. Users have the advantage of mobility, meaning, users can physically move about the network using a mobile device while still maintaining a high speed an d reliable connection. Cabling problems are also no longer an issue. Wireless networks eliminate the need for the expensive and tedious costs of installation of high speed cabling. Cable faults are also eliminated because the need to replace faulty cabling is no longer needed. Wireless networks are often more quickly installed and the need to worry about office configurations and floor layouts is not as much of a concern. (Mobility) Even though wireless networking does provide several advantages over traditional cabled networking it is not without its disadvantages. Smaller bandwidth than traditional cabling, can often slow the network. Security is also an issue. While wireless networks can be encrypted, any wireless signal can be passively intercepted. And perhaps the biggest disadvantage of this technology is its reliability. All wireless signals suffer from the same problem, interference from and with ot...

Cause and Effect Essay Example

Cause and Effect Essay Example Cause and Effect Essay Cause and Effect Essay Essay Topic: Cause and Effect Cause and Effect Name: Course: Date: Cause and Effect The impact of food processing technology on cooking habits or eating habits Technological advancements have had a significant effect on the society in numerous aspects, in the modern society. This has essentially been associated with the role of the advancements in that technology is considered as a means for making life easier for the human race. Technology is primarily viewed from a communicative perspective in terms of its development. This has been one of the most transformed fields in the world since technology has revolutionized all means of communication resulting in better and efficient means or channels of communication. Literature provides that there are substantial numbers of individuals in the developing world who are exposed to unhealthy diets because of an imbalance. This is because of the inadequacy or unavailability of food to ensure sufficient nutrition. Health of an individual is usually determined by numerous factors such as nutrition, genetic make up, socioeconomic statuses and accessibility to healthcare. In addition, other issues such as the environment, which comprises of natural, climatic and socio-economic conditions, play a significant role in the determination of the health of an individual (Kennedy, Kennedy, Muth, 2012). Global food prices have a significant effect on the trends on terms of availability of food to people around the world; the conditions between developed and developing or undeveloped countries have disparities in terms of the level of nutrition exhibited by their respective populations. Developed countries are able to use technology using the various agricultural production systems, which have higher levels of technological advancements enabling such countries to have better food production processes for subsequent benefits in terms of higher nutritional value. On the other hand, there are higher incidences of under nutrition exhibited by individuals in poor countries. Technology is associated with making work easier for people in that it aids execution of tasks in an efficient and effective manner. This has had an effect on the lifestyles of individuals in that it has facilitated sedentary lifestyles among people especially in the developed countries. The sedentary lifestyles are also associable with better diets and higher levels of nutrition resulting in health problems associated with sedentary lifestyles. Technology has an impact on the socioeconomic conditions and structures of given country or area. This has resulted in the change, in terms of access to basic needs such as health services, agricultural practices of given areas, which have a significant effect on the health of a given population (Kennedy, Kennedy, Muth, 2012). Modern day agricultural practices have been improved using technology to accrue benefits such as improved nutritional value of a given society. In addition, this has also been affected by changes in channels of communication, which are directly related to technological advancements. Communication is considered as one of the most powerful aspects of society. This has enabled the availability of information related to issues such as diets, modern and appropriate means of agriculture and other vital information related to nutrition. Information enables alterations in terms of perceptions about the means of agriculture used to ensure high levels of food adequacy or availability, as well as high levels of nutritional value in the types of foods available to a given population (Kennedy, Kennedy, Muth, 2012). Communication systems have been improved enabling availability and efficient dissemination of information to the public in terms of the appropriate means of agriculture as well as information relation to the best diets as well as nutrition information, which is beneficial for improvement of health of a respective population of a given country. The modern means of communication are largely focused on the development of the internet as the preferred line of communication and dissemination of information. Food processing technologies such as micronutrient fortification are among the benefits, accruable from technological advancements. This is one of the best means of alleviation of issues related to dietary deficiencies such as incidences of malnutrition. This provides improved nutritional value in packaged food products such as increased vitamins and proteins for the subsequent improvements in the micronutrient statuses exhibited by individuals (Kennedy, Kennedy, Muth, 2012). Changes enabled by technology in micronutrients fortification have enabled the improvements in immune systems, reduced incidences of maternal deaths associated with malnutrition. On-line based services have a significant role in the modern world in the improvement of nutrition and health of a given society. This results in the adoption of better lifestyles and habits as provided by information from online platforms. Online sources are essential in that they provided an avenue for the evaluation and updating of information as it relates to health and nutrition issues. Technology has enabled ease in access and availability of information pertaining to health and nutrition because of the low costs associated with access to the internet and other technological platforms such as television and radio programs. Higher institutions have also been able to avail programs in health and nutrition. Hence increasing the availability of knowledge and skills essential for the alleviation of the societal issues pertaining to health and nutrition in a modern society, which has been marred by sedentary lifestyles, and increased health problems associated with nutrition. Conclusively, technology has eased the availability of information related to health and nutritional issues because of accessibility and availability of information from online platforms or sources. Additionally, technology has also enabled alterations in agricultural approaches used to facilitate improvements in health and nutritional value of the society. References Kennedy, X. J, Kennedy, D. M. Muth, Marcia F. (2012). â€Å"Michael Pollan. The Cooking Animal† The Bedford Guide for College Writers with Reader, Research Manual, and Handbook. Colorado: University of Colorado. [Insert Name]. (2012). Personal Reflection.

Attention Deficit Disorder Essays

Attention Deficit Disorder Essays Attention Deficit Disorder Essay Attention Deficit Disorder Essay Attention deficit disorder (ADD) is a psychosomatic condition characterized by serious and persistent difficulties in the following three specific areas: Attention span, Impulse control and Hyperactivity (sometimes). ADD is a chronic disorder that can begin in infancy and extend through adulthood in most cases. Symptoms commonly found among children with ADD under the Attention span criteria include short attention span, making careless mistakes, difficulty in performing/finishing tasks, not listening/following instructions, easily distracted, loses things and forgetful in daily activities. Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may show symptoms such as fidgeting or screaming in seat, excessive running or climbing at inappropriate time, restlessness of hands or feet and excessive talking. Other symptoms due to Impulsiveness include interrupting a conversation, or blurting out answers before question is completed and has difficulty awaiting turn. Students with ADD/ADHD have different needs and so they require a special learning environment. To establish the proper learning environment, seat students with ADD near the teachers desk, but include them as part of the regular class seating. Avoid distracting stimuli and transitions, physical relocation, changes in schedules and disruptions. Be creative! Produce a stimuli-reduced study area. Let all students have access to this area so the student with ADD will not feel different. When giving instruction, maintain eye contact, make directions clear and simple and avoid multiple commands. Monitor students frequently and maintain a supportive attitude. Avoid ridicule and criticism. Instead, reward more than you punish to build self-esteem.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to give special attention and education to students with disabilities, The Individuals Disabilities Education Act of 1997 (IDEA 97) was created. Through the 6 principles of IDEA children with disabilities can have access to a free appropriate and specialized public education. Well-trained evaluators can properly evaluate them and so their specific needs can be met. Students with disabilities can learn in a regular classroom and need not to be isolated from the normal students. They can live a normal life despite their disabilities. The Act also strengthens the role of parents in the education of their children thus making learning more effective. References Teaching Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder. Retrieved September 1998, from ERIC EC Digest #E569 Website: http://ericec.org/digests/e569.html

Servicemarketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Servicemarketing - Case Study Example It is one of the most profitable and successful airlines in the world. It is known as an unusual company because it does not operate in the same way as all the other airline companies. Southwest Airlines, Inc. is a low fare airline based in Dallas, Texas. It is the largest airline in the United States by number of passengers carried domestically for any one year. Southwest Airlines carried more customers than any other U.S. airline in August 2006, marking it the first time that Southwest Airlines topped the monthly list for combined domestic and international passengers. Southwest Airlines is one of the industry's most profitable airlines and in January 2007, posted a profit for the 34th consecutive year. Its reputation of having low prices and a fun filled atmosphere has made it an icon of pop culture. In May 1988, it was the first airline to win the coveted Triple Crown for a month - Best On-time Record, Best Baggage Handling, and Fewest Customer Complaints. Since then it has won the award thirty one times, as well as five annual Triple Crowns for 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, and 1996. In 1967, Southwest Airlines was a vision by an investment advisor Rollin King and his lawyer Herb Kelleher, they wanted to start a different kind of airline. Rollin King already had a small charter that ran between the smaller Texas cities. They began with one simple notion, If you get your passengers to their destinations when they want to get there, on time, at the lowest possible fares, and make certain that they have a good time doing it, people will fly your airline. This new airline at first was to fly between the three largest cities in Texas, Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. Because of the fact that, U.S government was imposing very strict regulations regarding commercial airlines by regulating airline route entry and exit, passenger fares, mergers and acquisitions, and airline rates of return, the primary idea was to focus on a single state area (avoiding governments interfering) and to a substitute market (local) where major operators weren't giving the proper attention.T he next year in 1968 the Texas Aeronautical Commission approved their planes to fly between the three major cities. In early 1971, Air Southwest changed its name to Southwest Airlines, and the first flight was on June 18, 1971. Its first flights were from Love Field in Dallas to Houston and San Antonio. It offered short hops with no-frills service and a simple fare structure, features that became the basis for Southwest's popularity and rapid growth in the coming years. In the next couple of years the company went off to a flying start and by the next couple of years it had acquired four planes and employed about 200 people. In the first year of operation the company lost over $3.7 million dollars. It wasn't until the next year and a half that it was able to turn a profit and ever since then has been doing tremendous. By 1978, Southwest was the most profitable airline in the industry, and had already carried its 5 millionth passenger. The stock for Southwest was listed in the New York Stock Exchange as "LUV."Herb Kelleher, in 1982 took over as President, CEO, and Chairman of the board. He was well respected in his position focusing on employee and customer satisfaction. By 1996 the market had added Florida and California to expand in their services. By the year 1999, in the

An Analysis of Kristian Leven Photography in London Essay

An Analysis of Kristian Leven Photography in London - Essay Example This is unique from other wedding competitors that provide photography services with specific manufactured (posed) shots. Kristian Leven is able to stand out from competitors with his naturalistic approach to wedding photography that better captures special events and moments as they occur. 1.1 Methodology Research was gleaned for the report utilising a qualitative methodology, involving an open-ended interview structure with the sole proprietor, Kristian Leven. The interview occurred on April 5, 2013 and was scheduled for 45 minutes. Leven was proposed questions on such concepts as motivation, funding sources, problems that occur in daily business operations, the social environment, and the entrepreneurial marketing mix. Findings from the interviews were compared to theoretical secondary literature on entrepreneurship and small business management to determine correlations between theory and actual business practice; or to identify dissimilarities between theory and actual business management. 2.0 Funding sources for Kristian Leven Research indicates that credit cards are the most common funding source for entrepreneurs, due to tightened restrictions with banking institutions and other lenders associated with the credit crunch of 2007 and 2008 (Schmith 2008). Leven indicated that he achieved start-up funding by networking with family members in order to obtain an initial co-signed personal loan for ?5000. Leven further supplemented this funding for the start-up venture with a credit card by which he was able to procure equipment and initial inventories not covered by the personal loan that was utilised to set up a storefront. Leven had considered seeking out a private investor, however he was concerned about the potential of contractual agreements being established that guaranteed shared profitability. Leven trusted in his ability to grow the business revenues early that would provide him with the capital necessary to launch a successful photography business. Leven fit the profile of entrepreneurs that must rely on credit cards as a relevant funding source and networking with family members to achieve start-up capability. Leven had submitted a formal business plan to bankers when he was just 19 years old, but his plan was rejected as the lenders believed he was too young and inexperienced to successfully manage the business. Today, Leven is proud to announce an annual cash flow position of over ?200,000. 3.0 Networking Networking is, according to Leven, one of the most fundamental success factors for how Kristian Leven Photography has experienced growth and gained a positive brand reputation with satisfied customers. Leven does not consider his family members to be viable networks for operating or managing the business, or in improving its position. Leven had personal experience with a family-operated business during his childhood in which many disputes about operations and financing were present. This ties in closely with the theoretica l literature in which Johanisson and Monsted (1997) indicate there is no evidence available indicating that personal network capacity contributes to the success of the small business. Instead, Leven relies on professional networking, which are contacts that are developed through business operations. Leven indicated that nearly 80 percent of his business growth is attributed to word-of-mouth advertising that stems from satisfied clients with personal experien

Industrial Corn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Industrial Corn - Essay Example Although the massive production of industrial corn has revolutionized the food industry, it has also been associated with several problems. The availability of cheap industrial corn has made it to be used as a diet for animals and this has made it possible to gather many animals and feed them on corn. This has led to the availability of cheap meat and more families can now afford meat. Pollan (2006) explains that when fed to livestock, they fatten quickly, get more energy and their flesh marbles well giving it a good texture and taste. It has also helped to sustain the prices of corn as the grain gets more utility as a stable food in many countries. Despite the above-mentioned benefits of industrial corn, we cannot ignore the dangers it poses to man and livestock. First, it is important to note that the cow, an animal created to forage, has now been turned into one of the biggest disposers of corn. It is next to man in this. This un-natural change in diet has led to increased health problems among livestock. The most serious among these is bloat. This occurs because of less roughage and more starch in a ruminant’s stomach. In serious cases, the inflated rumen presses against the animal’s lungs causing suffocation. Another animal health problem is acidosis. This occurs because corn makes the stomach acidic and yet the stomach environment is normally neutral in PH. The use of grains has also encouraged the use of antibiotics on animals and this is a health risk both for the animals and mankind. Even though we may celebrate the increased availability and affordability of meat, there are problems associated with the use of cheap meat. According to Pollan (2006), cheap corn-fed meat contains less omega-3 fatty acids and more saturated fat than grass-fed meat. As a result, more problems related with the eating of feed are associated with corn-fed beef. Increased use of corn feeding to livestock through the Concentrated Animal

Account standardization, IFRS and US GAAP Essay

Account standardization, IFRS and US GAAP - Essay Example The general purpose of the financial statement is to be prepared in accordance with the international accounting standards. The need of the accounting standards emerges because auditors and financial analyst are generally confronted with problems of accounting like biasedness, misinterpretation, inaccuracy and ambiguity. To minimize these kinds of errors a set of accounting standards was developed which was universally accepted and recognized. Without these accounting standards each and every business entity had to develop their own business standards which would make it impossible to compare the financial information with other business organizations. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are accounting principles and standards formulated by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) which is situated in London. These established accounting standards are ideally applicable equally to all the organizations worldwide. During 1973- 2000, the international accountin g standards were formulated by the predecessor organization of the IASB formerly known as International Accounting Committee (IAC) (Beke, 2011). Since April 2001, the accounting standards set by IASB are taken into consideration. ... A financial report of high and genuine quality improves their understanding and makes them better informed and also reduces their risk of trading (Beke, 2011) 3) IFRS helps in eliminating most of the financial adjustments that the financial analyst have made historically in order to make the company financial statements comparable internationally (Beke, 2011) 4) IFRS provides reduced information costs and information risk to potential investors (Beke, 2011). Before March, 2008 the US listed foreign issuers of securities were required to prepare financial statements with respect to the US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) or include reconciliation to US GAAP as a part of the financial statement reporting (Liu, 2011). This step became a prerequisite in the United States of America (USA) because of lack of widely accepted high quality accounting standards. Most of the foreign institutional investors file their annual reports on form 20-F which incorporates reconciliatio n. This reconciliation is often viewed as an unnecessary and expensive step by the foreign issuers of security (Liu, 2011). The European Union, New York Stock Exchange and the American Stock Exchange have allowed the Securities Exchange Commission of USA to allow foreign companies to use the IFRS to list on the US stock markets without the reconciliation or compliance with the US GAAP accounting principles. This was done as IFRS is considered a high quality accounting standards although there are some significant differences between the IFRS and US GAAP accounting standards. However, the investors need to be informed the differences between the IFRS and US GAAP accounting standards for

Ethical and Legal Problems & Employee Benefits Assignment

Ethical and Legal Problems & Employee Benefits - Assignment Example Thus, protocol ethics are closely associated with equity-based recognition. In addition, employees have to make key decisions either as an employee or as a shareholder. Each of these levels requires different reasoning and responsibilities. Ethics related to loyalty towards the company comes into consideration. For instance, an employee may have knowledge of some sensitive information about the company. However, he is not expected to release such information to ordinary shareholders. Equity-based recognition plan also attract a number of legal issues. Worker, who upgrades their status into shareholders of the company, requires a new set of legislation to protect their interests. For instance, legal issues related to bankruptcy of the company are applicable in the recognition plan. Workers need to know their accountability to the company’s liabilities. Leaders should be aware of possible abuse of employee’s that might result from equity-based recognition. In order to prevent any form of abuse, leaders should ensure that company employees understand their responsibilities and rights both as company employees and as a shareholder. In addition, leaders should ensure that legislation and ethics associated with the plan are clearly stipulated in workers contracts. Retirement benefit authority is a scheme managed by the government to provide financial support to the elderly population. Although the government and other social welfare encourage organization to enroll their employees for retirement benefits, most of them do not provide the benefit. Retirement benefit scheme divide industries into two categories. The first category is for industries that provide the service to their employees while the second category consist industries that do not provide the service. There is also a significant inclination of certain

Account standardization, IFRS and US GAAP Essay

Account standardization, IFRS and US GAAP - Essay Example The general purpose of the financial statement is to be prepared in accordance with the international accounting standards. The need of the accounting standards emerges because auditors and financial analyst are generally confronted with problems of accounting like biasedness, misinterpretation, inaccuracy and ambiguity. To minimize these kinds of errors a set of accounting standards was developed which was universally accepted and recognized. Without these accounting standards each and every business entity had to develop their own business standards which would make it impossible to compare the financial information with other business organizations. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are accounting principles and standards formulated by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) which is situated in London. These established accounting standards are ideally applicable equally to all the organizations worldwide. During 1973- 2000, the international accountin g standards were formulated by the predecessor organization of the IASB formerly known as International Accounting Committee (IAC) (Beke, 2011). Since April 2001, the accounting standards set by IASB are taken into consideration. ... A financial report of high and genuine quality improves their understanding and makes them better informed and also reduces their risk of trading (Beke, 2011) 3) IFRS helps in eliminating most of the financial adjustments that the financial analyst have made historically in order to make the company financial statements comparable internationally (Beke, 2011) 4) IFRS provides reduced information costs and information risk to potential investors (Beke, 2011). Before March, 2008 the US listed foreign issuers of securities were required to prepare financial statements with respect to the US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) or include reconciliation to US GAAP as a part of the financial statement reporting (Liu, 2011). This step became a prerequisite in the United States of America (USA) because of lack of widely accepted high quality accounting standards. Most of the foreign institutional investors file their annual reports on form 20-F which incorporates reconciliatio n. This reconciliation is often viewed as an unnecessary and expensive step by the foreign issuers of security (Liu, 2011). The European Union, New York Stock Exchange and the American Stock Exchange have allowed the Securities Exchange Commission of USA to allow foreign companies to use the IFRS to list on the US stock markets without the reconciliation or compliance with the US GAAP accounting principles. This was done as IFRS is considered a high quality accounting standards although there are some significant differences between the IFRS and US GAAP accounting standards. However, the investors need to be informed the differences between the IFRS and US GAAP accounting standards for

Answers to Burger King case study questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answers to Burger King questions - Case Study Example Franchising helps to increase the profitability of the business and eliminate unnecessary start up cost. The success of the fast food industry does not only depend upon the franchising method but also depends upon implementation of effective marketing strategies. To achieve global leadership in its industry a fast food restaurant needs to set a series of financial goal and strategic goals. Global leadership by a fast food restaurant can be attained if a company is adept at discovering the new market opportunities, establishing a strong presence in the international markets and securing a competitive advantage. Effective strategic planning is required for attaining profitability in the domestic and international markets. Firstly, the management of the company needs to clearly define its reasons for expanding its operation in the foreign market. A comparative analysis of the political social, cultural environment of different countries would be required for screening purposes. Critical Success Factors are strongly related to the mission and strategic goals of your business or project. ... e production process (How long the French fries must be fried?) 4) Hygiene standards must be maintained in all the branches of the fast food restaurant 5) Standardized menu must be available worldwide (Cao â€Å"Comparison of customers' perceptions of service quality between different management forms in fast food restaurants†). The other key success factor include proper distribution channels, innovative advertising strategies etc. It is a well accepted fact that fast food restaurants should have a sound understanding of the consumer behavior, tastes and preferences and fast food outlets and how it differs across various countries. Understanding the cultural differences between the countries will help the fast food restaurant to customize their menu as per the taste and preference of the local customers. For example McDonalds serves lamburgers in India because beef and pork burgers are not served for religious purposes. In USA and Canada people prefer to eat most of their mea ls outside their homes (Vivavegie â€Å"Fast food facts from the super size me web site†). It is observed that the consumer spending on fast food does not decrease even during recession due to the quick serving ability and its reduced price. The timing of the delivery of the food also plays a prominent role in the customer service of the fast food restaurants. Since obesity has become major health concern in the USA, UK and Canada, the fast food restaurants need to lay emphasis on nutritional requirement and calorie content of the fast food. Thus we can say that factors like 1) Taste of food 2) Hygiene 3) Service response time 4) Pricing of the product 5) Courtesy and behavior of the employees 6) Operating hours 7) Variety in menu 8) Nutritional requirement in the food 9) Amenity play an important

Aristotle - Biography Essay Example for Free

Aristotle Biography Essay Raphael portrays two of Greeces great philosophers as the focal point of his masterpiece The School of Athens. Aristotle has his hand pointing straight out as if he is declaring to Plato that truth is found right here around us. Aristotle was an excellent teacher who is considered to be the prince of philosophy and one of the worlds most influential thinkers of all time. Aristotle was born in 384 B. C at Stragyra in Thrace, on the north coast of the Aegean Sea. This was fifteen years after the death of Socrates and three years after the founding of Platos Academy. His father was the court physician and friend of King Amyntas of Macedonia. It is likely that Aristotles great interest in biology and science, in general, was nurtured in his early childhood. At the age of seventeen, Aristotle moved to Athens and enrolled in Platos Academy as a student of philosophy. He studied for over twenty years at the Academy until Plato died in 348 B. C. Throughout his time at the Academy, Aristotle became one of the top scientist and philosophers, and though he studied under Plato, he was not a Platonist. In fact, he would later criticize Plato and his various doctrines. After the mourning of Platos death had subsided, Speusippus seized power of the Academy. At this time Aristotle quickly left Athens and lived for a time in Assos and Mytilen where he was able to write, research, and teach. He did return, for a time, to Macedonia to tutor Philips son Alexander at his request. By the age of forty-nine, Aristotle had traveled back to Athens to found a school. Many historians believe this is when Aristotle began the most productive period of his life. His school was named the Lyceum, named after the groves where Socrates went to think and which was the sacred domain of Apollo Lyceus. The Lyceum had a fine library, an extensive collection of maps, and a zoo where Aristotle preformed much of his zoological research. . The school was located close to a long covered walk called in the greek peripatos. Aristotle would take his students on this long covered walkway where he conducted much of his teaching as they strolled along pondering many philosophical questions. As a result of this method of teaching, the students of the Lyceum were commonly referred to as peripatetics. Aristotle was only in Athens for twelve years when it was necessary for him to leave for political reasons to save his life. In 322 B. C. Aristotle died and his library was passed on to his successor, Theophratus. Aristotle is regarded as the first truly cosmopolitan thinker. He was interested in a plethora of subjects and gave significant contribution to many of them. He composed major studies of logic, ethics, and metaphysics. Today he is best renown for his work the Metaphysics and the Nichomachean Ethics. In addition to these major studies he also wrote on epistemology, physics, biology, meteorology, dynamics, mathematics, psychology, rhetoric, dialectics, aesthetics, politics, and philosophy. Choose any field of research and Aristotle probably studied it, select an area of human reason and he probably theorized on it. If all of his writings were published today they would fill fifty large volumes in print. Unfortunately, over the last two thousand years many of his writings have been lost. Only one fifth of his writings have endured time. What has been preserved are what many believe are Aristotles lecture notes and notes of his students that were not meant to be printed. These rough notes have been edited in a cut paste fashion in order to try to make sense of Aristotles profound thought. Aristotle philosophy is a development of Platos philosophy. Aristotle respected Plato but rejected the dualism that Plato passionately embraced and taught his pupils. Platos primary reality of the unchanging world existed separately from the world of particular things. Aristotle believed he was able to avoid this ambiguous ideal of two worlds and still communicate all the necessary concepts that Plato did. Metaphysically, Aristotle believed that every living being, except God, is a composite of two factors called form and matter. In Aristotles system of epistemology, he believes that the forms that Plato held unattainable actually exist as essential parts of the things that we asses through our senses. He believed that a human being is a holistic unit of both the body and soul. Aristotle specialized in classifying the many different components in the universe: humans, animals, plants, inanimate objects, etc. His work Catergories was his flagship in the organization of the world. He believed that humans were certainly in a classification of their own, and that human beings could be divided up into three dimensions, or more specifically, three dimensional thinking. The first dimension is productive thinking and refers to man as a maker; the second is practical thinking and refers to man as a learner and knower. All of the books that Aristotle wrote can basically be divided into these three categories. For example his book on poetry would be in the category of productive thinking; ethics would be in the category of practical thinking; philosophy, science, and metaphysics would be in the category of theoretical thinking. Aristotle can be credited with the creation of both the science and the philosophy of biology. His work in science involved the discovery of interconnections between characteristics of organisms. This led to the biological specialties of taxonomy and systematics. This evidenced that he was able to adapt his metaphysical and logical thought to that of the area of zoology. His application of thought to the experimentation makes him one of the founders of laboratory research. Aristotle was the first to create the study of deductive inference. His theory of syllogism, simply put, is a discourse in which certain things having been stated, something else follows of necessity of doing so. Aristotle believed that the laws of logic apply to more than just human thinking. He believed that these laws of being allow the understanding of the logical structure of the world. The premise to his logical system is the law of noncontradiction. Aristotle states in his law that It is impossible for the same attribute at once to belong and not belong to the same thing in the same relation. More simply would be that (B) can not be both (B) and non(b) at the same time in the same sense. This law cannot be proven but it must not be ignored. It is a universal core principle of human thinking. However, a caveat is necessary because the absence of a contradiction doesnt necessary guarantee truth. The world is in a constant state of change. Aristotle believed that changes could be natural or could be a product of human art. The four causes that Aristotle articulated answer the four questions that can be asked about anything. The four questions are (1) what is it? (2) what is it made of? (3) by what is it made? (4) for what end is it made? Aristotle four responses are the four causes: (1) the formal cause (2) the material cause (3) the efficient cause (4) the final cause. The biologist in Aristotle affected the way he observed the world. He observed everything going through change happens to something that is a combination of form and matter becoming something different or new. Teleology is the notion that the present could be understood by reference to the future. The nature of anything is linked to its telos, meaning its goal or final end. The final end of an object reveals its nature and this nature drives it to its goal. This idea is what Aristotle thought could explain many things from a fetus in the womb to an acorn from a oak tree. These four causes are a significant contribution to science in explaining nature Within the dimension of practical thinking is Aristotles view on ethics and how it relates to us not only as individuals but to the world as a whole. His views are contained in basically his two works called the Nicomachean Ethics and the Eudemian Ethics. The Nichomachean ethics is the better one of the two because it is clearer, it addresses more issues within the field of ethics, and it arguments are usually superior. Aristotle believes that everyone has an ultimate goal, and they pursue it by doing what they view as good. What a person views as good is ultimately what will bring them long-term satisfaction and happiness. He goes on too describe the soul of man and its various virtues. He believed that the soul could be divided into two characteristics: reason and desire. These two characteristics may conflict in the soul of a man when trying to make a decision. Aristotle believes that the more disciplined a man is the more reason will win when a decision is made. He believed that these virtues were innate in every man and not acquired in any fashion. Lastly, the way Aristotle viewed God was a product of how he viewed everything else. Aristotle was not a zealot when it came to religion. He believed there was a supreme being because he thought it would be impossible to explain some things. Aristotles view of God was more of a metaphysical necessity. Through his thought of telos he knew the world must have an ultimate cause and this cause must be God. Exposition I specifically like how Aristotle classified everything, and approached fields of study with common sense and practicality. He believed that humans are the highest classification, and I would certainly agree with that. I also agree that the three dimensions of man: productive, practical, and theoretical thinking, are basically the three main areas in life, but I also think that there are other areas on the side, and that everything can be categorized as concretely as he seeks to do. Aristotles ideas of the four different causes are very good. The hegemony of these causes communicate their fundamental value. His central idea that everything has a cause is true and very important. The deductive reasoning he used also helps to clarify things. I believe that the use of syllogisms should not be used to test if a belief is true. A worldview could pass a few tests but that doesnt prove that it is correct. Aristotles view of God is a disturbing product of his system. He is the victim of his own mind. He is a perfect example of how a philosopher may become trapped in his own system. He had made some presuppositions early on that had become the core of what he believed. As he progress in his thought he had to be consistent with what he had first believed and this necessitated him to plug everything into his presuppositions or mold that he had created. This resulted in God becoming an after thought of his life, instead of the focal point of his life. Aristotle had forgotten to place God into his system when it was in infancy. As a result of the complexity, he had to place his unknowable God in a box. Aristotle ethics of having an ultimate goal that provide your happiness is quite interesting. If your ultimate goal is to glorify God then you will find true happiness. John Piper would say that a Christian hedonist finds pleasure in being satisfied with the Lord to bring God the utmost glory. I do not, however, agree with Aristotles division of the soul. There are many problems in Aristotle system. In spite of the problems, his philosophy has affected just about everyone. I believe that the ideas of Aristotle not only influenced the ancient greeks, but also affected medieval philosophy, and modern philosophy. The prevalence of the contributions of Aristotle is ingrained in almost every discipline. Without the teachings of Aristotle the world would be years behind. We owe a lot to this man who gave his life in order to understand our existence and things that exist around us. Raphael painted Aristotle in the middle of his School of Athens for a reason. He must of known of the influence that Aristotle would posses on young minds for centuries to come. Works Cited Adler, Mortimer J. 1978. Aristotle for Everybody: Difficult thought made easy ,New York: Macmillian Publishing Co. Aristotle. 1980. Metaphysics I-IX, Harvard University Press. Barnes, Jonathan. 1996. Aristotle: A Very Short Introduction, New York: Oxford University Press. Cottingham, John. 1996. Western Philosophy: An Anthology, Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd. Fearn, Nicholas. 2001. Zeno and the Tortoise: How to Think like a Philosopher, New York: Grove Press. Honderich, Ted. 1995. The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, New York: Oxford University Press. Lennox, James G. 2001. Aristotles Philosophy of Biology, Cambridge University Press. Nash, Ronald H. 1999. Lifes Ultimate Questions: An Introduction to Philosophy, Zondervan. Stumpf, Samuel E. and James Fieser. 2003. Philosophy: History and Problems, McGraw- Hill Higher Education. Wilson, Fred L. Science and Human Values: Aristotle, http://www. rit. edu/ flwstv/aristotl1. html. Accessed 6 October, 2004.

Carbonic Anhydrase The Fastest Enzyme Biology Essay

Carbonic Anhydrase The Fastest Enzyme Biology Essay Carbonic anhydrase, abbreviated as CA, is the first identified zinc containing enzyme, (CA; carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1) It is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration and dehydration of carbon dioxide to form carbonic acid, bicarbonate ions and protons. Being one of the fastest enzyme known, it is believed that one molecule of CA can process one million molecules of carbon dioxide  per second. The basic molecular structure of CA includes specific amino acid threonine 199, glutamate 106, histidine 64 and histidine residues namely His 93, His 95, and His 118. The mode of regulation of CA is being inhibited by various medically prescribed substances that act as non competitive inhibitors, an example is Acetazolamide. CA plays a major key role in the fluid balance and regulatory of pH in different parts of the body thus, Mutation of this enzyme may lead to several diseases.(1) CARBONIC ANYHYDRASE THE START: Breathing, a fundamental function in life The air that we breathe in has some valuable oxygen, an important molecule wherein it helps the breakdown of fats and sugars in our cells. From the blood, oxygen diffuses then binds with the hemoglobin to be transported in the cells of our body. A by product of sugar and fat breakdown in cells is called Carbon dioxide CO2). It is a key metabolite in all living organism and it needs to be removed from our body. Carbon dioxide is diffuse out of the cells and transported in the blood in different ways to get to the lungs. CA is transported in numerous forms, mainly as bicarbonate, HCO3-. Bicarbonate is a CO2- with an attached OH group. When the HCO3- reaches the lungs, it is transformed back to a CO2, so it can be exhaled from the body. The conversion of bicarbonate to carbon dioxide facilitates its transport into the cell; while the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate assists trap the carbon dioxide in the cell. This interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate develop at a slow physiological pH hence organism tend to produces an enzyme to hasten the process. This enzyme responsible for the speed up interconversion, which can be found in the red blood cells, is called carbonic anhydrase. Although the interconversion of bicarbonate to carbon dioxide can happen without the enzyme, CA can great increase the rate of the conversions up to a millions of fold. (2) STRUCTURE The CA molecule in general has ellipsoidal shape with the estimated dimension 4.1 x 4.1 x 4.7 nm. The active site is situated in a cavity having an approximately conical shape. The cavity is assessed 1.5 m wide at the way in and about 1.6 nm deep attaining almost the center of the molecule. The zinc ion is next to the peak of the cone and liganded into 3 imidazole groups. Figure 1. CA Structure (2) Figure 1. shows the structure of CA. Taken as a whole, is composed of 10-stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet enclosed with various elements of other secondary structure. The 6 alpha-helices and 10-beta sheets make up the secondary structure of carbonic anhydrase. The basic function of CA is basically to regulate the oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the blood that is needed in a human body. As the function suggests, the chemical structure of CA extremely lies with the presence of zinc that lies deep within its active site. Its common amino acid composition includes threonine, glutamate and histidine. The specificity of these 3 amino acids (threonine 199, glutamate 106, and histidine 64) plays a critical role in relation to the presence of zinc by charging it with a hydroxyl ion. The zinc cation is associated with three histidine residue protein backbone namely: His93, His95, and His118. As stated, zinc plays a major role in the reaction of CA. The zinc present in the active side of CA is being bound to water to be able to dissociate it into a proton and hydroxyl ion. The hydroxyl ion is being stabilized by the positively charged zinc, in this way; the hydroxyl ion is being prepared to attack the carbon dioxide inside the RBC. A closer look with CA can be seen in the figure below where the amino acid chains in the active site together with the zinc are evident. The role of the zinc basically includes the command of directional transfer of the bound hydroxyl to the carbon dioxide to be able to form bicarbonate ion. From the figure, it shows that the intermediate structure where the bicarbonate ion is still attached to the enzyme. The alanine replicated the side chain for amino acid 199 in this arrangement. Histidine 64 swings in the direction of and away from the zinc ion in every cycle of enzyme action although it is helping the zinc to recharge with a novel hydroxyl ion. The two locations of this residue, revealed in the bottom right figure, symbolize its movement throughout the action of enzyme. Almost immediately as the zinc is reloaded with an original water molecule together with the release of bicarbonate ion, the enzyme is set for another action on some new carbon dioxide molecule. (3) MECHANISM OF CATALYSIS The rate of catalysis of the CA is exceedingly pH dependent. It means that, the higher the pH, the catalysis is faster and as the pH reduces, the speed of the reaction falls down. The mean pH of this transition is near pH 7. (5) Figure 2. Mechanism of CA catalysis (6) Figure 2.0 shows the mechanism of CA catalysis. A zinc atom which is generally bound to four or more ligands differs in CA. In CA, three locations are occupied by imidazole ring of three histidine residues and an additional site is occupied by a water molecule. Thus the geometry form of the active site is tetrahedral. The zinc atom plays an important role in the mechanism of CA catalysis because it is responsible for the release of a proton H+ from a water molecule, which then generates a nucleophilic hydroxide ion. Then the carbon dioxide substrate will attach to the active site of the enzyme to react with the ion of hydroxide. The zinc-bound OH-  attacks the carbon of CO2  therefore converting it into a bicarbonate ion. This occurs since the zinc ion has the +2 charge, which attracts the oxygen of water. It then deprotonates the water, thus, converting it into a better nucleophile so that the newly converted hydroxyl ion can attack the carbon dioxide. After the nucleophilic att ack of zinc bound OH-, addition of water molecule displaces the bicarbonate ion from the metal ion. The CA is then ready for another cycle of catalysis. (7) KINETICS OF REACTIONS CA inhibitors are class of pharmaceuticals that control the activity of carbonic anhydrase. It is inhibited by two classes of compounds, a metal complex forming anions and others are isosteres and sulfonamides. Inhibitors ionize upon binding with the enzyme to give way an NH- group that relocates the zinc hydroxide ions and shares a hydrogen bond. There are roughly 25 clinically used CA inhibitors as a drugs. It is mainly established as antiglaucoma drugs, diuretics, hypotensive agents, anticonvulsants, anticancer agents, antiepileptics, with additional use in the management of duodenal and gastric ulcers, osteoporosis and neurological disorder. (8) Acetazolamide Methazolamide Dorzolamide Topiramate Figure 3. Illustrations of some CA inhibitors (9) Figure 3.0 shows some CA inhibitors like Acetozolamide which acts as a mild diuretic. It cures glaucoma, altitude sickness, and some benign intracranial hypertension. Methazolamide treats glaucoma present in dogs which is called Open-angle glaucoma. While Topiramate which is a weak inhibitor, alleviate epilepsy, lennox gastuat syndrome and migraine headaches. And another CA inhibitor is the, Dorzolamide or sulphonamide which treat ocular hypertension or open-angele glaucoma. (10) CA activator regulates the proton transfer processes between the active site and the solvent system. It also binds at the entrance of the enzyme of the active site. One of the strong activator of CA is Histidine. Some amines and amino acids like l-Trp (tryptophan), l-Phe (Phenylalanine),  d-DOPA (D- 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine),  l-Tyr (Tyrosine), 4-amino-l-Phe also works as activators of CA. These CA activators are potentially target for drug development that can be useful as a derivative for the enhancement of synaptic efficacy which can be able to treat various conditions like, depression, alzheimers disease, ageing, spatial learning and memory therapy enhancer. (11) MODE OF REGULATION: Acetazolamide Inhibitor In case of excessive contents of CA in blood and peripheral areas of the lungs, proper regulation and inhibition is needed. Acetazolamide is a non competitive inhibitor that is effective in giving control with the catalytic reaction of the enzyme. This chemical complex substance is medically used o treat different conditions of moderate up to severe metabolic or respiratory alkalosis. Alkalosis may happen if excess CA is being reacted with the bicarbonate and carbon dioxide ions in the RBC, causing extreme absorption of bicarbonate thus giving the erythrocyte more basicity rather than having enough and sufficient pH level. Acetazolamide action is explained by interfering with bicarbonate (HCO3-) reabsorption in the kidneys, thereby giving enough acidity in the RBC, and further results to alkalinizing the urine. The action of inhibition results further to decreased synthesis of aqueous humor of the eye and causes the lowering of intraocular pressure. The interaction of Acetazolamide with CA does not occur with the active site, only close or remote to the active site. The net effect of this inhibitor basically changes the shape of CA that obviously leads to the inability of the substrate to bind properly, results to no catalytic reaction. (12) CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: Carbonic Anhydrase is found in numerous places in the body, including in the cerebro-spinal fluid, cytosol of some cells and mainly in the red blood cells. Since CA generates and utilizes protons and bicarbonate ions, it plays a major key role in the fluid balance and regulatory of pH in different parts of the body. Absence or mutation of the CA enzyme may lead to several diseases.  Also, CA inhibitor contributes to several treatments of diseases. One of the linked diseases of CA is the Osteopetrosis with cerebral calcification and renal acidosis. It is a syndrome deficient with CA in the body commonly called as Marble brain disease. This happens because sulfonamide inhibitor of CA can produce metabolic acidosis and have shown that CA inhibitors blocks the parathyroid hormone-induced the release of calcium bone which causes bone resorption. And since CA is present in the brain and CA inhibitors inhibits the production of cerebral spinal fluid, mutation of CA lead to cerebral calcification. Other disease associated with the deficiency of specific type of CAIII is the Myastenia gravis. It is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that results to a weak muscle of a person. Defects in CA IV can cause retinitis pigmentosa, a degeneration of retinal photoreceptor, which a patient experiences night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual. (13) Glaucoma, a condition wherein a build up of fluid in the eyes occurs and this presses the optic nerve that caused damage, is treated with the use of CA inhibitors like acetazolamide, brinzolamide, dorzolamide, and methazolamide. These inhibitors lessen the amount of fluid in the eye rapidly by 40% to 60% thus lowering the pressure inside the eye of a person with glaucoma. It now lessens the risk of optic nerve damage which promote vision loss. But prolong use of this drug affects the same enzyme in the tissue and may lead to kidney and liver damage The CA also plays an important role in the secretion of acid through the catalyzed hydration of excreted CO2 in the stomach lining which is mainly responsible in digestion of food. It helps to make pancreatic juice alkaline and our saliva neutral. In summary, CA performs different role and functions at their specific locations. (14)

Honor versus Friendship in Becket Essay -- Biography Biographies Essay

Honor versus Friendship in Becket      Ã‚   Anouilh's Becket offers the story of the relationship between Thomas Becket and Henry II, King of England.   The relationship begins with the two being fun-loving and teasing friends, develops into a rough-and-tumble relationship, and then ends in cold hatred.   Because he will not give in to his demands Henry has Becket executed in Canterbury Cathedral.   Becket had been Henry's friend and loyal supporter until he became Archbishop of Canterbury.   At that point, he was determined his first loyalty was due God and not Henry even though he had supported Henry against the church previously.   Becket fled to France in exile before returning to Canterbury where Henry had four barons murder him.   It was a decision which Henry would regret and pay penance for the rest of his life.   As Anouilh (8) notes in his introduction, this drama remains above all a tale of two friends "...for this drama of friendship between two men, between king and his friend, his companion in pleasure and work (and this is what had gripped me about the story), this friend whom he could not cease to love though he became his worst enemy the night he was named archbishop...."    The play is tragic in the sense that the inability of Becket to serve both God and King equally results in his murder at the hand of his friend.   Becket is well aware that he cannot be loyal to both Henry and God on the same lev... ...les with amusement, Becket develops a higher spirituality than Henry ever possessed in his new position.   However, though he knows he must remove Becket in order to have control, Henry cannot forgive himself for murdering his old companion.   He has himself whipped by monks after Becket's murder "Are you satisfied now, Becket?   Does this settle our account?   Has the honor of God been washed clean?" (Anouilh 126).   Becket admits at his death how heavy it is to carry the honor of God, but despite the consequences of doing so it was an honor he held in higher esteem than friendship.    WORKS   CITED Anouilh, J.   Becket:   Or The Honor Of God.   Hill, L. (trans.).   New York, Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1960.

Comical and Satirized Characters in Pride and Prejudice and Sense and S

Jane Austen's use of satire in her novels, Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility, break from the boundaries of sentimental writing. This left Austen open to a lifetime of criticism, only to be hailed after her time as one of the greatest writers of the English language. Much of Austen?s social commentary on Regency England was done through flat comical characters such as Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins, Lady Catherine, Mrs. Jennings, and others. All of which are amusingly oblivious to anything deeper than the rules and aspirations set by society. The dialogue of their interactions and the irony of their situations add humor as well as reinforce the idiocy presented by the very first line of Pride and Prejudice, "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife" (Austen 3). Mrs. Bennet?s actions as a mother are not unjustified. Because the Bennet estate was entailed, the marriage of her daughters was necessary for their secured wellbeing. In Chapter 20 Elizabeth refuses Mr. Collins marriage proposal. Her mother, who views the match as advantageous, is outraged and expresses her grief to Mr. Bennet, ?Nobody can tell what I suffer! - But it is always so. Those who do not complain are never pitied? (Austen 130). Austen?s criticism is clarified by Mrs. Bennet?s obsession with marriage, ?The business of her life was to get her daughters married? (Austen 6). ?Happy for all her maternal feelings was the day on which Mrs. Bennet got rid of her two most deserving daughters? (Austen 432). Mrs. Bennet?s ideas of marriage fully overlook love of the person. They settle in her foundations that happiness with another person is provided by an improvement in wealth or social st... ...zzle, the characters Jane Austen satirizes would fall short in fitting everything together. Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins, Lady Catherine, Mrs. Jennings, and all the other comedic characters in the novels appear only to see the shape of people. They focus on wealth, status, and connections. Even when the outline of the pieces fit, they fail to any make sense when put together. The reason being the characters Austen pokes fun at are so focus on the externals. They are ignorant to the individual image inside each piece. Austen uses flat satirical characters to add interest and humor to her works, but also to comment on the faults in peoples? attitudes toward society, marriage, possessions, and position. Works Cited Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Norwalk: The Easton Press, 2007. Austen, Jane. Sense and Sensibility. New York: Barnes and Noble Inc., 2006.

Neocolonialism

Introduction Neocolonialism is the practice of using capitalism, globalization, and cultural forces to control a country (usually former European colonies in Africa or Asia) in lieu of direct military or political control. Such control can be economic, cultural, or linguistic; by promoting one's own culture, language or media in the colony, corporations embedded in that culture can then make greater headway in opening the markets in those countries. Thus, neocolonialism would be the end result of relatively benign business interests leading to deleterious cultural effects.Neocolonialism describes certain economic operations at the international level which have alleged similarities to the traditional colonialism of the 16th to the 20th centuries. The contention is that governments have aimed to control other nations through indirect means; that in lieu of direct military-political control, neocolonialist powers employ economic, financial, and trade policies to dominate less powerful countries. What is the social phenomena neocolonialism?It is a set of political, economic, social and colonial arrangements or systems which continue to exist in a society, managed and controlled by little local property-ruling class on behalf of their corresponding foreign property-ruling class. The arrangement is a phenomenon which is heavily imposed on the majority of the people who remain poor, unemployed, low income-earned, unskilled, and uneducated. These arrangements designate a continuation of colonialism wherein the majority of the people are denied control and management of the bulk of their wealth. Describe the origins of neocolonialism.The political-science term neocolonialism became popular usage in reference to the continued European control the economic, cultural, of African countries that had been decolonized in the aftermath of the Second World War (1939–45). As a political scientist, Nkrumah theoretically developed and extended, to the post–War 20th c entury, the socio-economic and political arguments presented by Lenin in the pamphlet Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917), about 19th-century imperialism as the logical extension of power to meet the financial investment needs of the political economy of capitalism.What are the effects of neocolonialism? In effect, third world rulers give concessions and monopolies to foreign corporations in return for consolidation of power and monetary bribes. In most cases, much of the money loaned to these LDCs is returned to the favored foreign corporations. Thus, these foreign loans are, in effect, subsidies to crony corporations of the loaning state's rulers. This collusion is sometimes referred to as â€Å"the corporatocracy. Organizations accused of participating in neo-imperialism include the World Bank, World Trade Organization and Group of Eight, and the World Economic Forum. Various â€Å"first world† states, notably the United States, are said to be involved. An insider's first-hand description of the corporatocracy is described in the book Confessions of an Economic Hitman by John Perkins. Name at least one way in which neocolonialism can be rectified?

Production Management

1. A nation's ability to compete with other nations impacts a business' strategy in the area of: A) Marketing B) Finance C) Operations D) Distribution E) All of the above 2. Competitiveness doesn’t include: A) Productivity B) Effectiveness C) Profitability D) Operations Strategy E) Operations Management 3. Cost cutting in international operations can take place because of A) lower taxes and tariffs B) lower wage scales C) lower indirect costs D) less stringent regulations E) all of the above 4. Operations management involves continuous decision-making; hopefully most decisions made will be: A) redundant B) minor in nature C) smart D) quantitative E) none of the above5. A ‘product package' consists of: A) the exterior wrapping B) the shipping container C) a combination of goods and services D) goods if a manufacturing organization E) customer relations if a service organization6. Multinational organizations can shop from country to country and cut costs through A) lower wage scales B) lower indirect costs C) less stringent regulations D) lower taxes and tariffs E) all of the above7. Product design and choice of location are examples of _______ decisions. A) strategic B) tactical C) operational D) customer focused E) design8. Scheduling personnel is an example of an operations management: A) mission implementation B) operational decision C) organizational strategy D) functional strategy E) tactical decision9. Productivity is expressed as: A) output plus input B) outp ut minus input C) output times input D) output divided by input E) input divided by output10. Which of the following is true about business strategies? A) An organization should stick with its strategy for the life of the business. B) All firms within an industry will adopt the same strategy. C) Well defined missions make strategy development much easier. D) Strategies are formulated independently of SWOT analysis. E) Organizational strategies depend on operations strategies.11. Which of the following activities takes place most immediately once the mission has been developed? A) The firm develops alternative or back-up missions in case the original mission fails. B) The functional areas develop their functional area strategies. C) The functional areas develop their supporting missions. D) The ten OM decision areas are prioritized. E) Operational tactics are developed.12. What term describes how an organization expects to achieve its missions and goals? A) conditional expectation B) tactic C) SWOT D) strategy E) competitive advantage13. Which of the following is not a key step toward improving productivity? A) developing productivity measures for all operations B) improving the bottleneck operations C) establishing reasonable goals for improvement D) considering incentives to reward workers E) converting bond debt to stock ownership14. The fundamental purpose of an organization's mission statement is to A) create a good human relations climate in the organization B) define the organization's purpose in society C) define the operational structure of the organization D) generate good public relations for the organization E) define the functional areas required by the organization15. The ratio of good output to quantity of raw material input is called A) non-defective productivity B) process yield C) worker quality measurement D) total quality productivity E) quantity/quality ratio16. Time-based approaches of business organizations focus on reducing the time to a ccomplish certain necessary activities. Time reductions seldom apply to: A) product/service design time B) processing time C) delivery time D) response time for complaints E) internal audits17. Business organizations consist of three major functions which: A) overlap B) are mutually exclusive C) exist independently of each other D) function independently of each other E) do not interface with each other18. The external elements of SWOT analysis are: A) strengths and weaknesses B) strengths and threats C) opportunities and threats D) weaknesses and opportunities E) strengths and opportunities19. Which of the following is not one of the Ten Critical Decisions of Operations Management? A) location strategy B) human resources and job design C) managing quality D) design of goods and services E) determining the financial leverage position20. Which of the following is true? A) Corporate mission is shaped by functional strategies. B) Corporate strategy is shaped by functional strategies. C ) Functional strategies are shaped by corporate strategy. D) External conditions are shaped by corporate mission. E) Functional area missions are merged to become the organizational mission.21. Operations management is applicable A) mostly to the service sector B) to services exclusively C) mostly to the manufacturing sector D) to all firms, whether manufacturing or service E) to the manufacturing sector exclusively22. Which of the international operations strategies involves a focus on high cost reductions and low local responsiveness? A) international strategy B) global strategy C) transnational strategy D) multidomestic strategy E) none of the above23. Which of the following is not a key factor of competitiveness? A) price B) product differentiation C) flexibility D) after-sale service E) size of organization24. Gourmet Pretzels bakes soft pretzels on an assembly line. It currently bakes 800 pretzels each 8-hour shift. If the production is increased to 1,200 pretzels each shift, the productivity increases by: A) 50% B) 33% C) 25% D) 67%25. An operation that processes less than a previous operation is called a: A) bottleneck B) multi-factor constraint C) parallel operation D) turnabout process E) tactical operation26. Which of the following is not a type of operations? A) goods production B) storage/transportation C) entertainment D) communication E) all the above involve operations27. Which one of the following would not generally be classified under the heading of transformation? A) assembling B) teaching C) staffing D) farming E) consulting28. Which of the following is least likely to be a Cost Leadership competitive advantage? A) low overhead B) effective capacity use C) inventory management D) broad product line E) mass production29. The ability of an organization to produce goods or services that have some uniqueness in their characteristics is A) mass production B) time-based competition C) competing on productivity D) competing on flexibility E) comp eting on differentiation30. Which of the international operations strategies involves a focus on low cost reductions and high local responsiveness? A) international strategy B) global strategy C) transnational strategy D) multidomestic strategy E) none of the above31. Which of the following statements best characterizes delivery reliability? A) a company that always delivers on the same day of the week B) a company that always delivers at the promised time C) a company that delivers more frequently than its competitors D) a company that delivers faster than its competitors E) a company that has a computerized delivery scheduling system32. Which of the following best describes â€Å"experience differentiation†? A) immerses consumers in the delivery of a service B) uses people's five senses to enhance the service C) complements physical elements with visual and sound elements D) consumers may become active participants in the product or service E) All of the above are elements of experience differentiation.33. Product design and process selection are examples of decisions that are: A) financial B) tactical C) system design D) system operation E) forecasting34. The responsibilities of the operations manager are: A) planning, organizing, staffing, procuring, and reviewing B) planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling C) forecasting, designing, planning, organizing, and controlling D) forecasting, designing, operating, procuring, and reviewing E) designing and operating35. Which of the following is not true about systems approach? A) A systems viewpoint is almost always beneficial in decision making. B) A systems approach emphasizes interrelationships among subsystems. C) A systems approach concentrates on efficiency within subsystems. D) A systems approach is essential whenever something is being redesigned or improved. E) All of the above are true.36. Which of the following is not a characteristic of service operations? A) intangible output B) high customer contact C) high labor content D) easy measurement of productivity E) low uniformity of output37. Which of the following does not relate to system design? A) altering the system capacity B) location of facilities C) inventory management D) selection and acquisition of equipment E) physical arrangement of departments38. Which of the following is not a benefit of using models in decision making? A) They provide a standardized format for analyzing a problem. B) They serve as a consistent tool for evaluation. C) They are easy to use and less expensive than dealing with the actual situation. D) All of the above are benefits. E) None of the above is a benefit.39. Which of the following is the best example of competing on low-cost leadership? A) A firm produces its product with less raw material waste than its competitors. B) A firm offers more reliable products than its competitors. C) A firm's products are introduced into the market faster than its competitors' products. D) A firm's research and development department generates many ideas for new products. E) A firm advertises more than its competitors.40. Reasons to study Operations Management include learning about A) how people organize themselves for productive enterprise B) how goods and services are produced C) what operations managers do D) a costly part of the enterpriseE) all of the above

Controversy Around Groupware Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Controversy Around Groupware - Research Paper Example Groupware can be used to share ideas, to solve problems, to connect with global users, to share files, and for many other purposes. It is a highly effective technology for use in project management and problem-solving. Prior to selecting a particular software solution, a company needs to decide on its’ overall purpose. It is necessary to be as detailed as possible as to what kind of information-sharing is required and which people should be involved in the proposed project. â€Å"One primary problem has been identifying and measuring specific performance outcomes for diverse job categories† (OConnor, 1999). Time and money can easily be wasted when the needs of the project are not clearly outlined from the beginning. Once these primary considerations are decided upon, the project manager may select the proper application and get started. The manager of a group project may be surprised to find that users are sometimes not in agreement about using groupware applications. This may be because they are used to a specific way of doing things, they are concerned that their efforts will go unrewarded, that they are afraid of a stigma associated with their candid opinions, or any number of other reasons. Another problem which can arise from groupware is that users may find themselves sabotaging a project by veering off-topic or initiating conflicts with other users. Some groupware problems are very similar to the problems one can experience in a traditional group setting.

Florida Immigration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Florida Immigration - Research Paper Example It is noticed that more than 8% of the workforce in Florida was constituted by the illegal immigrants in 2008. Natural calamities in Haiti too added much to the immigration burden of the state of Florida. The proposed Florida immigration bill attempts to curb illegal immigration by approaching it as a serious law and order problem than a socio-economic issue. The Fear Politics and the Fallibility of Cost-Benefit Analysis It is through a fear politics created by the right wing, illegal immigration issue comes to the forefront of policy making. There has never been more immigration to a country than it could afford. If more people come to Florida, even illegally, it means that there exist conditions for illegal immigrants to be here. It was independently testified by the business community in Florida, especially the sector of Agrarian businesses. And, importantly, the huge majority of the immigrants become successful in finding jobs and adapting the American way of life. In this contex t, it is quite astonishing to see even a theorist such as Huntington would argue that ‘in this new era, the single most immediate and most serious challenge to America's traditional identity comes from the immense and continuing immigration from Latin America, especially from Mexico, and the fertility rates of these immigrants compared to black and white American natives’ (Huntington, 2004, p.3). Therefore, at the heart of immigration debate, lies the hidden racism and xenophobia that our culture would be colonized from within by the alien culture of the illegal immigrant. This xenophobia, the fear politics generated from it is central in the discourse on immigration than supposed socio-economic issues and security matters. ‘Massive Hispanic immigration affects the United States in two significant ways: Important portions of the country become predominantly Hispanic in language and culture, and the nation as a whole becomes bilingual and bicultural’ thus wa rns Huntington (2004, p.7). This is nothing but eloquent and sophisticated articulation of fear of diversity and the negation of core values that constitute America. It is in this wider context, Arizona Immigration Bill and the replicated model of the Florida immigration bill came to existence. The Florida immigration bill has been hotly debated by both the civil society and policy makers in recent times. It is important to note that the current Florida Immigration Bill is stemmed from the more controversial Arizona Immigration Bill. Immigration, in the wider context, is an endemic problem in much of the western countries which are highly developed and industrialized. The United States of America has been at the receiving end of immigration issues from the end of Second World War itself. The rise of both legal and illegal immigration has sometimes developed into a national issue, especially the case of illegal immigration has much to do with other problems such as internal security and welfare distribution. Even the widespread recession in the United States has not resulted in any substantial decrease in the illegal immigration to the country. Arizona Immigration Bill was meant for countering the illegal immigration mainly through the Mexico border. Although the Florida peninsula is surrounded by water, it still experiences illegal immigrati

Integrated Logistics for DEP GARD Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Integrated Logistics for DEP GARD - Case Study Example The present research has identified that Richard Binish who has been appointed by GARD wants to review these contracts and revive supply chain. Basically a lot has been changed in supply chain management and Binish wants to review all this supply chain with the change in situation (current market trends). Banished trimmed GARD's products line and primarily based it on faster moving products with higher moving velocity. Now more and more suppliers with specific criteria have come up and everyone's product is comparable. At present, GARD wants to review its supply chain with the improvement in its service window, and minimum threshold percentage. DEP's polymers having 6 major compounds which has been sourced from three firms as 60%, 25% and 15%. DEP has standardized its purchasing criteria and generally maintains a 7 days supply of each compound DEP is not using JIT because of bad experience, but it relies on electronic linkages for procurement. Most customers' orders are produced with in 6 to 8 days of order. In addition to it, DEP takes 3-6 days for shipment from its warehouse. Transportation and distribution which is done by DEP truck service to customers mostly within 200 miles through twice a week delivery routes. This needs maximum 6 days. So DEP supply chain is too much time consuming and hence needs to be streamlined. Basically in this case study, the kind of relationships between buyer and supplier is adding value to the supply chain, GARD and DEP's long relationship and understanding as well as DEP's knowledge about the requirement and quality with arm's length purchasing relationship is adding value to the chain, value in a supply chain is not simply the organizational value but it is the value created across different organizations that combine to create the supply chain. Inside an organization Porter identifies nine keys areas that need to be examined when examining how value may be created. He divided these 9 areas into what he referred to as: Primar y activities and support activities. The primary activities included: inbound logistics, processes, outbound logistics, marketing & sales, customer service. The support activities included: technological developments, human resource management, procurement and firm infrastructure. Basically in the case study, procurement stage of DEP is adding value to the chain because it provides certain option to purchase six basic compounds from 6 companies having different percentage of order completion as well as supply time. So we can analyze and reach out a suitable combination of companies and products to minimize the supply time and increased percentage of supply. DEP's supply bid has been divided into three parts and maximum quantity suppliers' supplies 60% whereas the remaining two are supplying 25% & 15% respectively. Firms' basic infrastructure with electronically connected procurement with marketing/sales department can easily assess demand of the market and proper information system can act fast. DEP is also adding value through outbound logistics with its own hired truck fleets. DEP also maintains inventory for 7 days so that they may have enough time for reordering and to get supply of raw material.